In Wisconsin, teenagers eager to join the workforce must adhere to state labor laws that regulate the minimum working age, permit requirements, and job restrictions.
These laws are designed to ensure young workers’ safety while balancing educational priorities. If you or your child is considering employment, understanding these regulations is crucial.
What Is the Legal Working Age in Wisconsin?
The minimum age for employment in Wisconsin is 14 years old, with some exceptions for younger children working in specific jobs, such as newspaper delivery or family businesses. However, state and federal labor laws impose different requirements depending on the minor’s age and the nature of the job.
For teenagers aged 14 to 17, different restrictions apply to the type of work they can do, the number of hours they can work, and whether they need a work permit.
Who Needs a Work Permit?
Most minors under 16 years old must obtain a work permit before starting a job. A work permit ensures that the employment complies with state regulations and protects minors from workplace exploitation.
How to Obtain a Work Permit:
- Secure a Job Offer – The minor must first receive an employment offer from an employer.
- Gather Required Documents – The applicant will need:
- Proof of age (birth certificate, driver’s license, or passport)
- A letter from the employer detailing job duties, hours, and pay
- A letter from a parent or guardian consenting to the employment
- A $10 permit fee (which the employer must reimburse upon the minor’s first paycheck)
- Apply Online or In-Person – Minors can apply through the Wisconsin Department of Workforce Development’s online system or visit a local permit office, such as a school district office or designated work permit agent.
Minors aged 16 and 17 are not required to obtain a work permit in Wisconsin but must still adhere to labor restrictions.
Jobs Restricted for Minors
Wisconsin follows federal guidelines when it comes to restricting minors from hazardous jobs. The limitations vary based on age groups.
Prohibited Jobs for Minors Under 16:
- Operating power-driven machinery (including lawnmowers and slicers)
- Working in construction or demolition
- Manufacturing jobs involving heavy machinery
- Driving a motor vehicle as part of the job
- Serving alcohol (even with a bartender’s license)
Additional Restrictions for Minors Under 18:
- Operating motor vehicles as part of employment
- Working in mining, logging, or roofing industries
- Handling explosives or operating heavy machinery
- Exposure to harmful chemicals or radiation
Despite these restrictions, there are many safe and suitable jobs available for young workers in Wisconsin.
Permitted Jobs for Minors
While certain high-risk jobs are off-limits, Wisconsin allows minors to work in a variety of industries:
- Retail Jobs – Grocery stores, clothing stores, and customer service roles
- Food Service – Fast food, restaurants (excluding alcohol service), and cafes
- Lifeguarding – For those certified in water safety
- Office Work – Clerical jobs and administrative support
- Entertainment Industry – Theater, modeling, and acting roles
Working Hours Restrictions
To ensure that minors focus on their education, Wisconsin enforces work hour restrictions based on age.
Minors Under 16:
- School Days: Up to 3 hours per day, no more than 18 hours per week
- Non-School Days: Up to 8 hours per day, no more than 40 hours per week
- Work Hours: Allowed between 7:00 AM – 7:00 PM (extended to 9:00 PM from June 1 – Labor Day)
Minors Aged 16 & 17:
- No hourly restrictions under state law, but federal law prohibits working more than 8 hours per day and 40 hours per week when school is in session.
- No restrictions on work hours outside of school days.
Penalties for Employers Who Violate Wisconsin’s Child Labor Laws
Employers who fail to comply with child labor laws in Wisconsin face severe consequences. If caught violating work hour restrictions or hiring minors for prohibited jobs, businesses may be fined or even face legal action. Parents and minors should ensure that their workplace follows all necessary regulations to avoid penalties.
Conclusion
Wisconsin’s child labor laws protect young workers while providing them with valuable job experience. Minors under 16 typically require a work permit, and certain jobs and hours are restricted to maintain a balance between work and education. By following these guidelines, young employees and their employers can ensure compliance with state laws and foster a safe, productive work environment.
