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It’s been almost 20 years since the TSA started enforcing the 3-1-1 rule to control what liquids we can bring and how much in our carry-on luggage…

but for how much longer?

Don’t get ahead of yourself, changes to the current rules are already in the works so you might be able to bring your favourite cologne in its original size without a TSA agent making you toss it (and you thinking later that they just wanted to keep it for themselves!)

What is the 3-1-1 rule

The scene repeats itself on every trip. Tiny bottles of soap, creams, conditioners, and colognes. No more than 100 ml. Inside a resealable plastic bag.

The 3-1-1 rule limits each liquid container to 100 ml, requires storing them in a single transparent quart-sized bag, and allows one bag per passenger. It was created in 2006 after a plot using liquid explosives was thwarted and has since become an international standard.

Let’s not kid ourselves, it’s inconvenient…

But the TSA insists that it remains the most effective defense against certain chemical threats

that still can’t be detected quickly, and those are the mixtures considered “safe” (they’re not safe under any circumstance, but at least the plane wouldn’t explode, which is something).

And it’s not just liquids: gels, creams, pastes, and spreadable substances like facial creams (or even our beloved peanut butter) are also included.

There wasn’t technology yet

For years, inspectors relied on 2D X-rays that couldn’t analyse the real density of each bottle. This technical limitation made the rule necessary: less volume meant less risk and faster screening. But that doesn’t make as much sense anymore with the arrival of next-gen CT scanners, which generate 3D images and can distinguish a harmless gel from a dangerous liquid with molecular-level precision.

Possible changes

Initially, changes were going to be proposed for gradual implementation, but it’s believed that travellers won’t experience these changes until around 2040…

Are there exceptions?

Of course! The 3-1-1 rule applies to most liquids, but there’s a group that is exempt, such as liquid prescription medications, though they must meet certain requirements.

Also, creams and medical aerosols can be transported as long as you have the prescription and clear labelling identifying the contents.

And don’t worry, if you’re traveling with a baby, infant formula, breast milk, and other food types are considered essential and are exempt from restrictions. However, you’ll need to carry them in clear bottles, puree pouches, or similar containers so the TSA can inspect them properly.

Is there more?

Yes! Gel ice packs, IV bags, and syringes are also considered necessary items for travellers, as well as certain types of food (like eggs) or live fish.

What advice do we give?

The 3-1-1 rule has marked several generations, but its expiration date is finally in sight!!! The TSA is betting on a model where airport security relies on advanced sensors and data analysis, not such strict restrictions… In a few years, we’ll laugh about the time we couldn’t get through security with our favourite shower gel, tic toc, 3-1-1!!

Key points!

  • What’s the 3-1-1 rule?: Since 2006, we’ve all had to pack liquids in tiny 100 ml bottles, fit them into a clear zip bag, and limit ourselves to just one bag. Annoying, but standard.
  • Why does it exist?: It started after a liquid explosives plot was stopped. Less liquid = less risk. It became the go-to rule for airports around the world.
  • What counts as a liquid?: Not just water or shampoo, also gels, creams, peanut butter, toothpaste… basically anything that squishes or spreads.
  • Why hasn’t it changed yet?: Old 2D scanners couldn’t tell if your lotion was dangerous. Now, new 3D CT scanners can, but most airports still haven’t fully switched over.
  • When will it change?: Don’t hold your breath, it could take until 2040 before the 3-1-1 rule is fully phased out.
  • What are the exceptions?: Prescription meds, baby formula, breast milk, and medical items (like syringes or IV bags) are allowed, but must be clearly labelled and easy to inspect.

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